David Thompson and colleagues (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand) have submitted a report (POP2012-06) to the Conservation Services Programme (CSP) of New Zealand’s Department of Conservation on differences in the at-sea distribution of Salvin’s Albatross Thalassarche salvini.

The report’s abstract follows:

“A total of 50 light-based geolocation data-logging devices were [sic] deployed on breeding Salvin’s albatrosses Thalassarche salvini at Proclamation Island, Bounty Islands, in October 2012.  In October 2013, a return visit to the Bounty Islands resulted in the retrieval of 23 loggers, with a further six loggers accounted for but missing from the birds on which they were deployed.   One additional logger was retrieved from a Salvin’s albatross killed as bycatch on a commercial fishing vessel.  Twenty loggers remain at large and unaccounted for.    Due to technical issues, all loggers had to be returned to the manufacturer in order for location data to be extracted. Of the 24 tags retrieved, data were extracted from 20, and of these seven sets proved to be unusable. The 13 usable data sets ranged in duration from 49 to 371 days, with a mean duration of 161 days.  During incubation and chick-rearing, Salvin’s albatrosses from the Bounty Islands disperse both north (mostly) and south of the Bounty Islands, remaining towards the east of a line corresponding approximately to 170 degrees west.  During the non-breeding period birds traversed the Pacific Ocean to occupy an area off the coast of Chile.  Additional, comparative location data were included from Salvin’s albatross breeding at the Western Chain in the Snares group.  Salvin’s albatross from the Western Chain similarly disperse north and south from the breeding site during incubation and chick-rearing, but tend to remain further to the west, approximately to the west of a line corresponding to 170 degrees west.  During the non-breeding period, most Western Chain birds were off the coast of Chile, but a second group of birds occupied an area off the coast of Peru further to the north, between 10 and 20 degrees south.  Also, one bird from the Western Chain remained in Australasian seas throughout the non-breeding period.  The differences in distribution of the two populations of Salvin’s albatross in New Zealand waters have clear implications for exposure to risk from commercial fishing operations.  However, the relatively small number of data sets acquired from Salvin’s albatrosses from the Bounty Islands preclude from drawing firm conclusions with respect to the non-breeding distribution in particular: questions around whether Bounty Islands birds occupy a single zone off Chile during this period, or whether they also occur off Peru and remain in Australasia, remain to be definitely answered.”

Salvin's Albatross, photograph by Aleks Terauds

Reports made to earlier meetings of the CSP on ACAP-listed species and on mitigation activities are also available on-line (click here).

With thanks to Barry Baker for information.

Reference:

David Thompson, D., Sagar, P., Torres, L. & Charteris, M. 2014.  Salvin’s albatrosses at the Bounty Islands: at-sea distribution.  Draft Final Report prepared for Department of Conservation July 2014.  National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research.  13 pp.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 30 July 2014

Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project by requesting monetary contributions from the public via the Internet.  Since its inception in around 2006 funds have been raised from individuals and organizations for conservation research, among other activities, in this way.

Crowdfunding has now been successfully used to contribute to the costs of a PhD research project on albatrosses (click here).

Caitlin Kroeger (Ocean Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA) has been studying ACAP-listed Campbell Thalassarche impavida and Grey-headed T. chrysostoma Albatrosses at New Zealand’s Campbell Island over the last three breeding seasons.  Her research has included looking at the energetic costs of foraging utilizing GPS loggers and double-labelled water techniques on birds feeding chicks to measure field metabolic rates.  The funds raised by crowdfunding will be used to undertake the necessary analyses of blood samples collected in the field (click here).

A Campbell Albatross preens its chick, photograph by David Evans

Read more about Caitlin’s research on albatrosses here.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 29 July 2014

Fitsum Abadi (Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France) and colleagues write in the journal Ecological Modelling on phylogenetic dependence in mark–recapture studies of seven species of southern albatrosses and nine species of petrels, including the ACAP-listed Grey Petrel Procellaria cinerea.

The paper’s abstract follows:

“Species in comparative demography studies often have a common phylogenetic or evolutionary ancestry and hence, they cannot fully be treated as independent samples in the statistical analysis.  Although the serious implication of ignoring phylogeny has long been recognized, no attempt has been made so far to account for the lack of statistical independence due to phylogeny in multi-species mark–recapture comparative demography studies.  In this paper, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model that explicitly accounts for phylogenetic dependence among species, and to correct for imperfect detection, which is a common phenomenon in free-ranging species.  We illustrate the method using individual mark–recapture data collected from 16 seabird species of the order Procellariiformes.  Data on body mass and phylogeny of these species are compiled from literature.  We investigate the relationship between adult survival and body mass with and without accounting for phylogeny.  If we ignore phylogeny, we obtain a positive survival–body mass relationship.  However, this relationship is no longer statistically significant once phylogenetic dependence is taken into account, implying that survival may actually depend on an unmeasured variable that is correlated with body mass due to a shared dependence on phylogeny.  The proposed model allows the integration of multi-species mark–recapture data and phylogenetic information, and it is therefore a valuable tool in ecological and evolutionary biology.”

Grey Petrel, photograph by Peter Ryan

Reference:

Abadi, F., Barbraud, C., Besson, D., Bried, J., Crochet, P.-A., Delord, K., Forcada, J., Grosbois, V., Phillips, R.A., Sagar, P., Thompson, P., Waugh, S., Weimerskirch, H., Wood, A.G. & Gimenez, O. 2014.  Importance of accounting for phylogenetic dependence in multi-species mark–recapture studies.  Ecological Modelling 273: 236-241.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 28 July 2014

Spain has established 39 new marine protected areas as Special Protection Areas for Birds (SPAs) under the European Birds Directive (click here).

“The SPAs will offer protection to seabirds whilst they are at sea, complementing the existing network of sites on land.  Spain, with its Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines and islands, is extremely important for European seabirds.   This includes Europe’s most threatened seabird –Balearic Shearwater [Puffinus mauretanicus], and other species endemic to the Mediterranean, such as the Yelkouan Shearwater [P. yelkouan] and Audouin’s Gull [Larus audouinii].”

Balearic Shearwater, photograph by Daniel Oro

“Previously, Spain’s network of protected sites for seabirds was made up mostly of small sites at colonies and along coasts and islands.  These sites mostly protect seabirds whilst on land, but do not protect them in the environment where they spend the majority of their time: out at sea.  These new sites, many of which are large in size, and include areas offshore, will add an additional 50 000 km² to Spain’s protected area network for birds, a … 20-fold increase."

Click here for similar news of 30 new marine protected areas in United Kingdom waters.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 27 July 2014