ACAP Latest News

Read about recent developments and findings in procellariiform science and conservation relevant to the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels in ACAP Latest News.

Shearwaters and petrels fight it out for nest space on a Hawaiian island

Raine aggression Wedge tailed and Newells
An adult Hawaiian Petrel fights with a Newell’s Shearwater outside its burrow (from the publication)

André Raine (Archipelago Research and Conservation, Kauai, Hawaii, USA) and colleagues have published open access in the journal Avian Conservation & Ecology on interspecific competition in three procellariid species on the Hawaiian island of Kauai.

An aggressive interaction between a Hawaiian Petrel and a Newell’s Shearwater at the latter’s burrow

The paper’s abstract follows:

“Colony creation projects are a vital tool for the recovery of threatened and endangered seabird populations and have significant conservation value by creating colonies inside highly protected and more easily managed areas.  However, project sites need to be carefully chosen using a wide range of criteria to maximize success. One of these criteria is the potential for interactions with species already breeding within the site, in particular the possibility of interspecific competition.  We considered three species of Procellariids in Hawaiʻi - two endangered Hawaiian endemics, the ʻuaʻu (Hawaiian Petrel, Pterodroma sandwichensis) and the ʻaʻo (Newell’s Shearwater, Puffinus newelli) and one native, the Wedge-tailed Shearwater (Ardenna pacifica) - to assess the prevalence of interspecific competition. Colony monitoring was conducted at six management sites on the island of Kauaʻi, one on the coast and five in the mountains.  Cameras were deployed at breeding burrows and any interactions between species recorded.  Interspecific competition was recorded at all sites.  At the coastal site, Wedge-tailed Shearwaters consistently attacked breeding pairs of ʻaʻo and ultimately evicted 55.6% of established breeding pairs and 87.5% of prospectors.  At montane management sites, aggressive interactions were recorded between ʻuaʻu and ʻaʻo at all sites and increased over time in tandem with population increases.  Colony creation is an essential component of seabird conservation worldwide but, as this study shows, the presence of other breeding seabird species needs to be considered in the planning process if these projects are to succeed.  This is particularly true if Wedge-tailed Shearwaters are already present (or could recolonize the site) and/or if the site already has a high density of a breeding species that is of a similar size and utilizes the same breeding habitat and breeding strategy.”

Reference:

Raine, A.F., Driskill, S., McFarlin, M., Brittingham, R., Rothe, J.A. & Raine, H. 2026.  Interspecific competition among Procellariids: implications for seabird management and colony creation projects.  Avian Conservation & Ecology 21(1).  doi.org/10.5751/ACE-02962-210101.

John Cooper, Emeritus Information Officer, Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels, 16 January 2026

Abstract submissions to the Fourth World Seabird Conference extended a week to 23 January

WSC4 23 Jan deadlineThe Fourth World Seabird Conference (WSC4) will be held as a hybrid event in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia over 07-11 September 2026 with the overall theme “Wings of Adaptation: Seabirds in a Changing Climate”.

Abstract submissions (and travel award applications which require an abstract submission) for the conference have been extended from today until Friday 23 January 2026.

During the conference Richard Phillips (British Antarctic Survey, UK) and Johannes Fischer (Department of Conservation, Aotearoa New Zealand) will co-convene a symposium entitled “Bridging the implementation gap between seabird and seabird-bycatch mitigation research and fisheries management”.  Read about this and other symposia and workshops of interest to ACAP from here.

John Cooper, Emeritus Information Officer, Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels, 15 January 2026

Avian influenza H5N1 has reached the French sub-Antarctic islands, killing seals and seabirds

Avian Influenza samplingSampling sites for avian influenza on Possession and Kerguelen Islands. See the publication for details

Augustin Clessin (Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université Montpellier, France) and colleagues have published open access in Nature Communications on records of highly pathogenic avian influenza detected in the French sub-Antarctic islands of Possession, Crozets and Kerguelen, including in Vulnerable Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans chicks.

The paper’s abstract follows:

“Since 2020, the outbreak of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus clade 2.3.4.4b has turned into the largest documented panzootic.  Here, we describe its arrival into the Indian Ocean sub-Antarctic archipelagos of Crozet and Kerguelen, where we first detected the virus in October 2024 in dead southern elephant seals. While the panzootic is ongoing, it has already caused unprecedented mortalities of marine mammals and seabirds.  We collected brain swabs from seal and seabird carcasses and obtained 25 novel HPAI H5N1 2.3.4.4b sequences.  Using phylogeographic analyses, we show that there have been independent introductions of the virus to Crozet and Kerguelen islands, most likely from the distant South Georgia islands in the Southern Atlantic, and not from the more nearby coasts of South Africa. Our results point to a year-long gap in genomic surveillance in the sub-Antarctic region.   Locally, our analyses show that the virus is transmitted between different species. Our serological analyses show that some southern elephant seal had mounted an anti-H5 antibody response.  Through its circumpolar spread to the Indian Ocean, HPAI H5N1 2.3.4.4b moves closer to Australia, which remains free from infections with this strain, and represents a major threat to the sub-Antarctic wildlife.”

Reference:

Clessin, A., Briand, F.-X., Tornos, J., Lejeune, M., De Pasquale, C., Fischer, R., Souchaud, F., Hirchaud, E., Bralet T., Guinet, C., McMahon, C.R., Grasland, B., Baele, G. & Boulinier, T. 2025.  Circumpolar spread of avian influenza H5N1 to southern Indian Ocean islands.  Nature Communications 16, 8463.  doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64297-y.

John Cooper, Emeritus Information Officer, Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels, 14 January 2026

Note: this paper has been previously featured in ACAP Latest News under a different title and a differently-worded abstract as a preprint.

Counting albatrosses on Midway Atoll with funny feet

Annual count 2024 25 2
Ready to count albatrosses on Midway Atoll while wearing burrow shoes in the 2024/25 breeding season

Twelve volunteers flew into Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge in early December 2025, landing after dark to avoid bird strikes.  Their task: to undertake the annual ground count of breeding Black-footed Phoebastria nigripes and Layan P. immutabilis Albatrosses on the three islands that make up the atoll.  “A bird counter's time and energy working 48 hours a week for a month in December through mid-January contributes to one of the longest and most consistent monitoring seabird data sets in the world”.


Volunteers prep for the 2025/26 Annual Bird Count

USFWS biologist and volunteer Dan Rapp has produced the above video of the bird counters setting up before the actual count begins.  “What are the volunteers wearing on their feet?  The weight of one human foot can easily collapse Bonin Petrel burrows. Using these so-called burrow shoes helps distribute a person's weight evenly. Each burrow shaped entrance or tunnel that appears to run along the surface of the sand is excavated by a nesting Nunulu {Bonin Petrel Pterodroma hypoleuca] pair who make their nest.  They do this by digging a deep burrow that runs parallel to the surface before the burrow runs deeper to create a safe nest cavity.  The counter must also be constantly aware of where to carefully step next.  Often times stepping next to the lower side of a burrow entrance is usually the safest bet for both birds and counters.”

IMidway Atoll Sand Island Bike Tour January 2025 (33.41)

Information from the Friends of the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge.

John Cooper, Emeritus Information Officer, Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels, 13 January 2026

ACAP releases its fourth Species Infographic in Portuguese: this time for the Southern Giant Petrel

preview southerngiantpetrel pt

The latest ACAP Species Infographic for the Southern Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus (Least Concern), the 21st to be produced in the series in the ACAP official languages of English, French and Spanish, has now been released in Portuguese.

Portuguese versions of ACAP Species Infographics have previously been produced for three species that visit the waters of Brazil (a Party to the Agreement) where they interact with fisheries.  They are the Critically Endangered Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbeneena, the Least Concern Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris and the Vulnerable White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis.

It is intended to produce infographics in Portuguese for a further two species, the Endangered Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross T. chlororhynchos (as part of marking World Albatross Day 2026 on 19 June) and the Near Threatened Spectacled Petrel P. conspicillata.  This will complete a planned six-species series of ACAP-listed albatrosses and petrels that are considered to occur regularly offshore from Brazil.

The infographic for the Southern Giant Petrel has been sponsored by the Australian Antarctic Division.  It is the fourth to be produced for an ACAP-listed petrel, following those for the Least Concern Northern Giant Petrel M. halli, the Near Threatened Grey Petrel Procellaria cinerea and the White-chinned Petrel.  The other 17 infographics are all for albatrosses.

The ACAP Species Infographic series is designed to help inform the general public, including school learners, of the threats faced by albatrosses and what is being and can be done to combat them.  They serve to complement the more detailed and referenced ACAP Species Assessments, the concise and illustrated ACAP Species Summaries and the ACAP Photo Essay series.

The infographics produced to date may be freely downloaded at a high resolution to allow for printing professionally in two poster sizes (approximately A2 and A3).  English and Portuguese language versions of infographics are available to download here; French and Spanish versions can be found in their respective language menus for the website under Infographies sur les espèces and Infographía sobres las especies.

Please note they are only being made available for personal use or when engaging in activities that will aid in drawing attention to the conservation crisis faced by the world’s albatrosses and petrels – when ACAP will be pleased to receive a mention.

The infographics are created by Thai illustrator Namasri ‘Namo’ Niumim from Bangkok.

With grateful thanks to Patricia Serafini for producing and Eduardo Bicudo for editing the Portuguese text.

Selected References:

Hurtado, R., Saviolli, J.Y. & Vanstreels, R.E.T. (Eds) 2020.  Reabilitação de Procellariiformes: (albatrozes, petréis, pardelas).  Santos, Brazil: Editora Comunnicar.  111 pp.

Neves, T., Olmos, F., Peppes, F. & Mohr, L.V. 2006.  Neves, T., Olmos, F., Peppes, F. & Mohr, L.V. 2006.  National Plan of Action for the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (NPOA-Seabirds Brazil)Threatened Species Series No. 2.  Brasilia: Brazilian Institute of Environment and Natural Renewable Resources.  128 pp.

 ICMBio 2018. Plano de Ação Nacional para a Conservação dos Albatrozes e Petréis - PLANACAP 2018-2023..  Brasilia: Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio/MMA.

John Cooper, Emeritus ACAP Information Officer, 08 January 2026

The Agreement on the
Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels

ACAP is a multilateral agreement which seeks to conserve listed albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters by coordinating international activity to mitigate known threats to their populations.

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